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年职称英语考试《综合类》基础语法复习(4)

2015/4/15 14:28:47   网上收集   城市网
  9、单位词的使用
  (1) 不可数名词表示多少,一般用much, (a) little, a lot of, enough 等词表达,要数1,2,3,4…时要用"量词"表达,最常用的是a piece of (news, advice, furniture, information…)。
  (2) 成双成对的名词一般用复数,如:a pair of trousers (裤子) / scissors(剪刀) / glasses (spectacles)(眼镜) / pliers(钳子)
  (3) a couple of表示一对,或2-3…,如:a couple of days / people / things
  (4) 记住以下量词表达方式:
  a loaf (two loafs) of bread (一个(两个)面包)
  a burst of laughter(一阵笑声)
  a fit of anger / chill(一阵发怒 / 发冷)
  a game of chess (一盘棋)
  a lump of sugar (一块方糖)
  10、其他应注意的数的表达形式
  1)a three-year-old boy 比较The boy is three years old
  2) five thousand people / several thousand people比较 thousands of people
  表达具体数字时,thousand不加 "s",后面不加 "of "; ten, million, billion情况以此类推。
  3) One-third of the students have passed College English Test Band IV.
  Two-thirds of the students have passed College English Test Band IV.
  One-third of the population in this area is living below the poverty line.
  (这个地区有1/3人口生活在贫困线以下。)
  注意:几分之几的表达形式;动词的单复数由后面的名词数决定。
  4) a looker-on 比较two lookers-on(旁观者) / a brother-in-law比较two brothers-in-law(姻亲兄弟)
  5) my father, together with (along with / with / as well as my mother and brothers) 结构中,主语作单数处理,即my father
  11、不定代词的数
  英语中要对 "2 "这个数特别敏感:
  1) 两个中一个、另一个: one , the other; 三个或三个以上中另一个:another / any one
  2) 两个都:both; 两个都不:neither; 两个中任一个:either
  3) 三个或三个以上都:all; 都不:none
  4) 不知总数:一些:some ;另一些:others(有余数)
  5) 知道总数:一些:some ; 另一些 (没有余数了):the others
  注意以下表达方式:each other / one another / one after another / one by one / the other day (过去的某一天)/ some day (今后的某一天) / every other day (隔天)/ on alternative days(隔天)/ someone else (别人) / something (anything, nothing) else (别的事)
  实例:
  I'm sorry, I'm a stranger, too. You may ask ______ across the street.
  A. another one
  B. others
  C. the other one
  D. someone else
  解题思路:虽然A、B、C没有语法错误,但D是习惯表达方式。
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